Problem: Cars A and B travel the same distance. Car A travels half that distance at u miles per hour and half at v miles per hour. Car B travels half the time at u miles per hour and half at v miles per hour. The average speed of Car A is x miles per hour and that of Car B is y miles per hour: Then we always have
Answer Choices:
A. xβ€y
B. xβ₯y
C. x=y
D. x<y
E. x>y
Solution:
Let s denote the distance. The time t for car A is t=2usβ+2vsβ and the average speed is
tsβ=2usβ+2vsβsβ=u+v2uvβ=x
For car B, let s1β,s2β denote the diatance at speed u,v reapectively so that if the time for car B is T,=T/2s1ββ=u and T/2s2ββ=v. Adding these T/2sβ=T/2s1β+s2ββ=u+v and the average speed of car B is
s/T=2u+vβ=y.
The fact that xβ€y for positive u and v follows trom 4uvβ€(u+v)2.