Problem: Given the two hypotheses: I Some Mems are not Ens and II No Ens are Vees. If "some" means "at least one", we can conclude that:
Answer Choices:
A. Some Mems are not Vees
B. Some Vees are not Mems
C. No Mem is a Vee
D. Some Mems are Vees
E. Neither (A) nor (B) nor (C) nor (D) is deducible from the given statements.
Solution:
The given hypotheses are satisfied by any one of these six Venn diagrams:
Choice (A) is contradicted by diagrams . Choice (B) is contradicted by diagrams . Choice (C) is contradicted by diagrams . Choice (D) is contradicted by diagrams .
or
Suppose there is only one Mem and that it is not an En, and suppose there are no Vees. Then the hypotheses are satisfied but and are contradicted. If there are Vees and the Mem is one of them, then again the hypotheses are satisfied but and are contradicted.